Quickstart

This guide will step you through setting up a Python-based virtualenv, installing the required packages, and configuring the basic web service. This guide assumes a clean Ubuntu 14.04 instance, commands may differ based on the OS and configuration being used.

Pressed for time? See the Lemur docker file on Github.

Dependencies

Some basic prerequisites which you’ll need in order to run Lemur:

  • A UNIX-based operating system (we test on Ubuntu, develop on OS X)
  • Python 2.7
  • PostgreSQL
  • Nginx

Note

Lemur was built with in AWS in mind. This means that things such as databases (RDS), mail (SES), and TLS (ELB), are largely handled for us. Lemur does not require AWS to function. Our guides and documentation try to be be as generic as possible and are not intended to document every step of launching Lemur into a given environment.

Installing Build Dependencies

If installing Lemur on a bare Ubuntu OS you will need to grab the following packages so that Lemur can correctly build it’s dependencies:

$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install install nodejs-legacy python-pip python-dev libpq-dev build-essential libssl-dev libffi-dev nginx git supervisor npm postgresql

Note

PostgreSQL is only required if your database is going to be on the same host as the webserver. npm is needed if you’re installing Lemur from the source (e.g., from git).

Now, install Python virtualenv package:

$ sudo pip install -U virtualenv

Setting up an Environment

In this guide, Lemur will be installed in /www, so you need to create that structure first:

$ sudo mkdir /www
$ cd /www

Clone Lemur inside the just created directory and give yourself write permission (we assume lemur is the user):

$ sudo git clone https://github.com/Netflix/lemur
$ sudo chown -R lemur lemur/

Create the virtual environment, activate it and enter the Lemur’s directory:

$ virtualenv lemur
$ source /www/lemur/bin/activate
$ cd lemur

Note

Activating the environment adjusts your PATH, so that things like pip now install into the virtualenv by default.

Installing from Source

Once your system is prepared, ensure that you are in the virtualenv:

$ which python

And then run:

$ make develop

Note

This command will install npm dependencies as well as compile static assets.

Creating a configuration

Before we run Lemur, we must create a valid configuration file for it. The Lemur command line interface comes with a simple command to get you up and running quickly.

Simply run:

$ lemur create_config

Note

This command will create a default configuration under ~/.lemur/lemur.conf.py you can specify this location by passing the config_path parameter to the create_config command.

You can specify -c or --config to any Lemur command to specify the current environment you are working in. Lemur will also look under the environmental variable LEMUR_CONF should that be easier to setup in your environment.

Update your configuration

Once created, you will need to update the configuration file with information about your environment, such as which database to talk to, where keys are stored etc.

Note

If you are unfamiliar with with the SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI string it can be broken up like so: postgresql://userame:password@<database-fqdn>:<database-port>/<database-name>

Setup Postgres

For production, a dedicated database is recommended, for this guide we will assume postgres has been installed and is on the same machine that Lemur is installed on.

First, set a password for the postgres user. For this guide, we will use lemur as an example but you should use the database password generated by Lemur:

$ sudo -u postgres psql postgres
# \password postgres
Enter new password: lemur
Enter it again: lemur

Once successful, type CTRL-D to exit the Postgres shell.

Next, we will create our new database:

$ sudo -u postgres createdb lemur

Set a password for lemur user inside Postgres:

$ sudo -u postgres psql postgres
\password lemur
Enter new password: lemur
Enter it again: lemur

Again, enter CTRL-D to exit the Postgres shell.

Initializing Lemur

Lemur provides a helpful command that will initialize your database for you. It creates a default user (lemur) that is used by Lemur to help associate certificates that do not currently have an owner. This is most commonly the case when Lemur has discovered certificates from a third party source. This is also a default user that can be used to administer Lemur.

In addition to creating a new user, Lemur also creates a few default email notifications. These notifications are based on a few configuration options such as LEMUR_SECURITY_TEAM_EMAIL. They basically guarantee that every certificate within Lemur will send one expiration notification to the security team.

Additional notifications can be created through the UI or API. See Creating Notifications and Command Line Interface for details.

Make note of the password used as this will be used during first login to the Lemur UI.

$ cd /www/lemur/lemur
$ lemur init

Note

It is recommended that once the lemur user is created that you create individual users for every day access. There is currently no way for a user to self enroll for Lemur access, they must have an administrator create an account for them or be enrolled automatically through SSO. This can be done through the CLI or UI. See Creating Users and Command Line Interface for details.

Setup a Reverse Proxy

By default, Lemur runs on port 8000. Even if you change this, under normal conditions you won’t be able to bind to port 80. To get around this (and to avoid running Lemur as a privileged user, which you shouldn’t), we need setup a simple web proxy. There are many different web servers you can use for this, we like and recommend Nginx.

Proxying with Nginx

You’ll use the builtin HttpProxyModule within Nginx to handle proxying. Edit the /etc/nginx/sites-available/default file according to the lines below

location /api {
     proxy_pass  http://127.0.0.1:5000;
     proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504;
     proxy_redirect off;
     proxy_buffering off;
     proxy_set_header        Host            $host;
     proxy_set_header        X-Real-IP       $remote_addr;
     proxy_set_header        X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
 }

 location / {
     root /www/lemur/lemur/static/dist;
     include mime.types;
     index index.html;
 }

Note

See Production for more details on using Nginx.

After making these changes, restart Nginx service to apply them:

$ sudo service nginx restart

Starting the Web Service

Lemur provides a built-in web server (powered by gunicorn and eventlet) to get you off the ground quickly.

To start the web server, you simply use lemur start. If you opted to use an alternative configuration path you can pass that via the --config option.

Note

You can login with the default user created during Initializing Lemur or any other user you may have created.

# Lemur's server runs on port 8000 by default. Make sure your client reflects
# the correct host and port!
lemur --config=/etc/lemur.conf.py start -b 127.0.0.1:8000

You should now be able to test the web service by visiting http://localhost:8000/.

Running Lemur as a Service

We recommend using whatever software you are most familiar with for managing Lemur processes. One option is Supervisor.

Configure supervisord

Configuring Supervisor couldn’t be more simple. Just point it to the lemur executable in your virtualenv’s bin/ folder and you’re good to go.

[program:lemur-web]
directory=/www/lemur/
command=/www/lemur/bin/lemur start
autostart=true
autorestart=true
redirect_stderr=true
stdout_logfile syslog
stderr_logfile syslog

See Using Supervisor for more details on using Supervisor.

Syncing

Lemur uses periodic sync tasks to make sure it is up-to-date with its environment. As always, things can change outside of Lemur, but we do our best to reconcile those changes, for example, using Cron:

$ crontab -e
* 3 * * * lemur sync --all
* 3 * * * lemur check_revoked

Additional Utilities

If you’re familiar with Python you’ll quickly find yourself at home, and even more so if you’ve used Flask. The lemur command is just a simple wrapper around Flask’s manage.py, which means you get all of the power and flexibility that goes with it.

Some of the features which you’ll likely find useful are listed below.

lock

Encrypts sensitive key material - this is most useful for storing encrypted secrets in source code.

unlock

Decrypts sensitive key material - used to decrypt the secrets stored in source during deployment.

What’s Next?

Get familiar with how Lemur works by reviewing the User Guide. When you’re ready see Production for more details on how to configure Lemur for production.

The above just gets you going, but for production there are several different security considerations to take into account. Remember, Lemur is handling sensitive data and security is imperative.